This History of Carnosine as a medicine and dietary
supplement
A wide range of therapeutic uses have been proposed for this
remarkable substance. As early as 1935, carnosine was recognized as a treatment
for polyarthritis. Carnosine has the remarkable ability to down-regulate cellular
and enzymatic processes when in excess, and up-regulate them when suppressed.
Several recent studies suggest that a combination of zinc and carnosine
provide gastric mucosal protection against various irritants and are effective
as antiulcerogenic substances (Odashima et al. 2002). For example, carnosine
decreases platelet aggregation in patients with abnormal clotting tendencies ("thins
the blood"), and increases platelet aggregation in patients with low clotting
indices. Carnosine has protective effects on blood cell membranes, enhancing their
survival, and has demonstrated cell membrane- stabilizing effects, offering protection
against chemical-induced hemolytic anemia. Table 1. Carnosine as complementary
therapy
Disorder/disease |
Year of commencement | | 1.
Arthritis (polyarthritis) | 1935 |
| 2. Gastric and duodenal ulcers | 1936 |
| 3. Wound healing | 1940 |
| 4. Hypertension (blood pressure) | 1941 |
| 5. Antibiotic effect | 1969 |
| 6. Adrenal cortex effect | 1976 |
| 7. Alleviation of sleep apnea | 1977 |
| 8. Treatment of trauma | 1980
| | 9. Prevention of
seizures | 1989 |
| 10. Coronary heart disease | 1989 |
| 11. Anti-inflammatory effect | 1971,
1986 | | 12. Cataracts | 1989 |
| 13. Anti-carcinogenic effect | 1989 |
| 14. Immunologic effects | 1986,1989 |
| 15. Prevention of radiation
damage | 1990 |
| 16. ADHD, Autistic Spectrum Disorder, epilepsy, other
neurological & psychiatric | 2001 |
Summary of Benefits
- safe, naturally present
in food and in the body
- versatile antioxidant and aldehyde scavenger
- quenches
hydroxyl, superoxide and peroxyl radicals
- superior protection of chromosomes
from oxygen damage
- suppresses lipid peroxidation
- most effective
natural glycation fighter
- inhibits formation of AGEs
- protects
proteins from AGE toxicity
- protects proteins from cross-linking
- multifunctional
protein and phospholipid protector
- protects against formation of protein
carbonyls, the hallmark of protein damage
- inhibits damaged proteins from
damaging healthy proteins
- aids recycling of damaged proteins by protecting
the proteasomes
- helps preserve normal protein turnover
- extends
lifespan 20 % in senescence-accelerated mice
- dramatically improves behavior
and appearance of old mice
- dramatic effect in Autistic Spectrum Disorders
- protects
brain cells from excitotoxicity
- protects brain proteins and biochemistry
- preserves brain biochemical functions
- safeguards brain chemistry
in disorders overproducing free radicals
- rejuvenates senescent human
cells in culture
- increases cell life span
- restores youthful appearance
and growth patterns to cells approaching senescence
- protects against
metal toxicity
- chelates copper and zinc
- naturally protects against
copper-zinc toxicity in the brain
- copper-zinc chelators dissolve Alzheimer’s
disease plaques
- inhibits cross-linking of amyloid-beta into Alzheimer’s
disease plaques
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