L-Carnosine - "The Super Peptide"
L-Carnosine (kahr´no-sën), is a well-known neuropeptide consisting
of alanine and histidine (beta-alanyl-L-histidine). It is normally made in the
human body and is found at high levels in brain, innervated tissues, the lens
of the eye, and skeletal muscle tissue.
In laboratory studies, it has been
demonstrated that carnosine has the ability to protect cells against oxidative
stress as well as to increase their resistance toward functional exhaustion and
accumulation of senile features. Mechanisms of such protection are explained in
terms of:
- proton buffering (maintaining pH balance in the muscles
in heavy exercise)
- heavy metal chelating (especially copper and zinc)
- free-radical
and active sugar molecule scavenging (prevents glycation and carbonylation of
proteins)
- preventing the modification of biomacromolecules thereby keeping
their native functionality under oxidative stress
Physiological concentrations
(20-30 micromoles, or mM) in standard media prolong the in-vitro life span of
human fibroblast cells and strongly reduce the normal features of senescence (ageing).
In laboratory animals, carnosine clearly improved the external appearance of experimental
animals and produced apparent beneficial effects on behavioral parameters and
average life span. Age-related conditions that carnosine may be useful
for include: - neurological degeneration (Alzheimer´s, Parkinson´s,
epilepsy depression, schizophrenia, mild cognitive impairment, dementia and stroke)
- Autistic
Spectrum Disorders, Asperger´s syndrome, ADHD, dyslexia
- cellular
senescence (ageing) in general
- cross-linking of the eye lens (cataracts)
- cross-linking
of skin collagen (skin ageing)
- formation of advanced glycation end products
(AGES)
- accumulation of damaged proteins
- muscle atrophy
- brain
circulation deficit (stroke)
- cardiovascular conditions
- diabetes
and its complications.
Carnosine as a multifunctional dietary supplement
is a relatively new discovery. It is an amazing physiological and 100 % natural
super-antioxidant with numerous biological roles including (in addition to the
above mentioned): - universal and versatile antioxidant activity
- supporting
muscle vitality
- increasing muscle strength and endurance
- speeding
up recovery after sprints
- inhibiting cellular damage caused by alcohol
Side-effects:
- None reported. Carnosine is nontoxic.
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